Urostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdominal wall to divert urine away from the bladder and out of the body, usually when the bladder is damaged or removed. This procedure involves bringing one or both ureters, the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys, through an incision in the abdominal wall to form a stoma. A collection bag is then attached to this stoma to collect urine as it is expelled from the body. Urostomy is typically indicated for conditions such as bladder cancer, severe bladder dysfunction, or congenital anomalies that impair normal urinary function. It is also used in cases where the bladder needs to be bypassed due to injury or disease. Complications associated with urostomy can include infection at the stoma site, leakage, or issues related to the stoma itself, such as irritation or retraction. Patients may also experience skin problems around the stoma due to contact with urine. Long-term complications might involve urinary tract infections, kidney issues due to altered urine flow, or difficulties in stoma care. Despite these potential risks, urostomy can significantly improve quality of life by providing a means of urine diversion and managing severe urinary conditions. Careful postoperative management and regular follow-up are essential to address complications and ensure the stoma remains functional and the patient's needs are met.
