Tubectomy, also known as tubal ligation, is a surgical procedure designed to achieve permanent female sterilization by blocking or sealing the fallopian tubes. The fallopian tubes are the pathways through which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus. By preventing this passage, tubectomy effectively stops eggs from meeting sperm and being fertilized, thereby preventing pregnancy. This procedure is commonly chosen by individuals who have completed their families or who prefer a permanent method of contraception over other forms. The procedure can be performed using various techniques, including laparoscopy, where small incisions are made in the abdomen and a camera is used to guide the surgery, or through a more traditional open surgical approach. The fallopian tubes can be sealed using clips, rings, or by cauterizing and cutting them. While tubectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, it carries several potential risks and complications. Common complications include infection, bleeding, and pain at the surgical site. There is also a risk of ectopic pregnancy, where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, although this is rare. In some cases, the fallopian tubes may spontaneously reconnect, leading to potential unintended pregnancies. Additionally, some women may experience hormonal changes or regret following the procedure. Post-operative care involves managing pain, monitoring for complications, and considering alternative contraceptive methods if there are concerns about the procedure's effectiveness. Regular follow-ups are important to ensure proper recovery and address any issues related to the procedure.
