Microdochectomy is a surgical procedure focused on the removal of one or more milk ducts from the breast. This technique is commonly employed to address issues such as persistent abnormal nipple discharge, which may be indicative of benign conditions like papillomas (non-cancerous growths) or, less commonly, early stages of breast cancer. During the procedure, a small incision is made around the nipple, and the affected duct or ducts are carefully excised. The operation is usually performed under local anesthesia, with the patient often experiencing only minimal discomfort. The primary reason for undergoing microdochectomy is to diagnose or treat conditions causing abnormal nipple discharge. This discharge can sometimes be a symptom of an underlying issue, such as an intraductal papilloma, which may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. By removing the problematic duct and analyzing the removed tissue, physicians can provide a clear diagnosis and, if necessary, initiate appropriate treatment. Complications associated with microdochectomy can include infection, bleeding, and scarring at the incision site. Some patients may experience changes in nipple sensation or discomfort following the procedure. There is also a risk of incomplete removal, which might require further surgical intervention. Additionally, as with any surgical procedure, there are general risks related to anesthesia. Despite these potential risks, microdochectomy is a valuable tool for addressing specific breast abnormalities and improving patient outcomes by providing both diagnostic and therapeutic benefits.
