Eyelid lesion removal is a surgical procedure performed to excise abnormal growths or lesions on the eyelid. These lesions can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and include conditions such as chalazia (blocked oil glands), styes (infected oil glands), skin tags, papillomas (benign tumors), cysts, and various types of skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. The procedure is often necessary to prevent discomfort, improve vision, enhance cosmetic appearance, or, more importantly, to remove potentially dangerous growths. The causes of eyelid lesions vary depending on the type of lesion. Benign lesions like chalazia and styes are often caused by blockages or infections of the oil glands in the eyelids. Skin tags and papillomas may result from friction, age, or genetic predispositions. Malignant lesions, such as skin cancers, are primarily caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, genetic factors, or immune suppression. Some eyelid lesions may also develop due to chronic inflammation, trauma, or certain dermatological conditions. Symptoms that may indicate the presence of an eyelid lesion include a visible lump or bump on the eyelid, redness, swelling, tenderness, or discomfort around the eye, and sometimes, changes in vision if the lesion obstructs the eye's normal function. Lesions such as skin cancers might present as persistent sores that do not heal, bleed easily, or have irregular borders and color changes. Complications of eyelid lesion removal are generally minimal but can include bleeding, infection, scarring, and temporary or permanent changes in eyelid function, such as difficulty blinking or closing the eye completely. In cases where a significant portion of the eyelid is removed, reconstructive surgery may be necessary to restore the eyelid's appearance and function. Depending on the type and location of the lesion, patients may also experience changes in eyelid contour or asymmetry. After the procedure, proper wound care is essential to prevent infection and promote healing. Follow-up appointments are usually required to monitor the healing process and to ensure that any malignant lesions have been completely removed. Early detection and treatment of eyelid lesions are crucial for preventing more serious complications and maintaining both ocular health and cosmetic appearance.
