Bronchoplastic resection is a specialized surgical procedure designed to remove a portion of the bronchus, the main airway leading from the trachea to the lungs, while preserving the lung's overall function. This technique is primarily employed to treat localized tumors, such as bronchial cancer, or to address significant airway damage or strictures that impair normal breathing. During the procedure, the surgeon excises the affected segment of the bronchus along with any surrounding abnormal tissue, and then reconstructs the bronchial airway to maintain a functional connection between the trachea and the lungs. The primary indications for bronchoplastic resection include the presence of early-stage bronchial tumors, large endobronchial lesions, or traumatic injuries that necessitate removal of the affected airway section. Complications associated with bronchoplastic resection can include infection at the surgical site, bleeding, or anastomotic complications, where the reconstructed bronchial segments do not properly heal together, leading to leaks or airway collapse. Other potential risks involve impaired lung function due to the removal of a portion of the bronchus, or the development of bronchial stenosis, where scar tissue narrows the airway and obstructs airflow. Long-term complications may include persistent or recurrent disease, as well as challenges related to airway management and lung function. Despite these risks, bronchoplastic resection offers a crucial option for managing localized airway disease while aiming to preserve lung function and overall respiratory health. Postoperative care and monitoring are essential to address complications and support recovery.
