Tailbone pain, medically known as coccydynia, refers to discomfort or pain in the coccyx, the small triangular bone at the very bottom of the spine. This pain can range from a dull ache to sharp, intense discomfort and is often exacerbated by sitting, leaning back, or transitioning from sitting to standing. The coccyx is connected to several muscles, tendons, and ligaments, making it susceptible to injury or strain. Common causes of tailbone pain include trauma from a fall or direct impact, prolonged sitting on hard or narrow surfaces, repetitive strain from activities such as cycling or rowing, or childbirth, where the coccyx may be bruised or displaced. Other causes might include degenerative joint changes, infections, tumors, or anatomical abnormalities.
Treatment for tailbone pain focuses on alleviating symptoms and addressing the underlying cause. Initial self-care measures include applying cold packs to reduce swelling and pain, followed by warm compresses to relax the muscles. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can help manage discomfort. Using a specially designed cushion, like a doughnut-shaped or wedge cushion, can reduce pressure on the tailbone when sitting. Physical therapy may also be beneficial, incorporating exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor and abdominal muscles to support the coccyx. In severe or persistent cases, a doctor may recommend steroid injections or, rarely, surgery to remove the coccyx if conservative treatments fail to provide relief. Maintaining good posture and avoiding activities that strain the tailbone are crucial for recovery and preventing recurrence.
