Doctors Near You for Melena in Toronto

Melena refers to the passage of black, tarry stools that have a distinct foul odor. This condition indicates the presence of digested blood in the stool, which often results from bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The black color and tarry consistency occur because the blood has been exposed to digestive enzymes and acids, which break down the hemoglobin and alter its color. Common causes of melena include peptic ulcers, gastritis, esophageal varices, or malignancies such as stomach cancer. These conditions can lead to bleeding in the upper GI tract, where the blood is partially digested before being expelled in the stool. Additionally, use of certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or anticoagulants, can contribute to gastrointestinal bleeding and melena. Treatment for melena focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the bleeding. This often begins with an urgent medical evaluation to determine the source of the hemorrhage. Diagnostic procedures, such as endoscopy, may be used to visualize and treat the source of bleeding in the GI tract. If an ulcer or gastritis is identified, treatment may include medications to reduce stomach acid, such as proton pump inhibitors or H2 receptor antagonists, and antibiotics if the infection is present. For bleeding due to esophageal varices, specific interventions like band ligation or sclerotherapy may be necessary. Managing underlying conditions, such as adjusting medications or treating malignancies, is also crucial. Supportive care, including intravenous fluids and blood transfusions, may be required to stabilize the patient. Regular follow-up and monitoring are essential to ensure effective treatment and prevent recurrence.