Doctors Near You for Melanoma in Effingham

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops in melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. It is the most serious form of skin cancer due to its ability to spread to other parts of the body if not detected early. Melanoma often appears as a new, unusual growth or a change in an existing mole, characterized by irregular borders, multiple colors, or an increase in size. The primary cause of melanoma is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, which can damage the DNA in skin cells, leading to mutations. People with fair skin, a history of sunburns, excessive UV exposure, numerous moles, or a family history of melanoma are at a higher risk. Treatment for melanoma depends on the stage of the cancer. Early-stage melanomas can often be treated effectively with surgical removal of the tumor and a margin of surrounding healthy tissue. For more advanced melanomas, additional treatments may include immunotherapy, which stimulates the immune system to attack cancer cells; targeted therapy, which uses drugs to target specific genetic mutations in melanoma cells; chemotherapy, though it is less commonly used now; and radiation therapy, which may be employed to reduce symptoms or treat areas where cancer has spread. Early detection through regular skin checks and prompt medical evaluation of any suspicious skin changes is crucial for improving the prognosis and reducing the risk of melanoma becoming life-threatening.