Gum recession is a dental condition where the gum tissue surrounding the teeth pulls back or wears away, exposing more of the tooth or its root. This can create gaps, or “pockets,” between the teeth and gums, making it easier for disease-causing bacteria to accumulate. Gum recession is a common problem, especially in older adults, and can lead to increased sensitivity, root decay, and even tooth loss if left untreated. Common causes of gum recession include periodontal disease, which is a bacterial infection of the gums that destroys gum tissue and the bone that supports the teeth. Poor oral hygiene and aggressive tooth brushing can also wear down gum tissue, leading to recession. Other contributing factors include smoking, hormonal changes, diabetes, and genetic predisposition. Misaligned teeth or grinding and clenching habits (bruxism) can exert excessive force on the gums, further contributing to recession. Treatment for gum recession depends on its severity and the underlying cause. Mild cases may be managed by improving oral hygiene practices, such as brushing with a soft-bristled toothbrush and using antimicrobial mouthwash. Scaling and root planing, a deep cleaning procedure, can remove plaque and tartar from below the gum line, promoting gum healing and reattachment. In more severe cases, surgical procedures like gum grafts may be needed to cover exposed roots and prevent further recession. Maintaining good oral hygiene, quitting smoking, and managing any contributing health conditions are crucial for preventing gum recession and ensuring long-term dental health.
