Doctors Near You for Delirium in Paulista

Delirium is a sudden and severe disturbance in mental abilities, resulting in confused thinking, reduced awareness of the environment, and an altered level of consciousness. It is often characterized by rapid onset and fluctuating symptoms, which can include disorientation, difficulty focusing, hallucinations, and incoherent speech. Delirium is typically caused by an underlying medical condition, such as infections (like urinary tract infections or pneumonia), metabolic imbalances, drug intoxication or withdrawal, severe pain, or dehydration. It is most commonly seen in elderly patients, particularly those who are hospitalized or in intensive care units, but it can occur in individuals of any age experiencing significant illness or stress. The treatment of delirium focuses on identifying and addressing the underlying cause. This may involve managing infections with antibiotics, correcting metabolic disturbances, adjusting medications, or treating pain and dehydration. Supportive care is also crucial and includes ensuring a calm and safe environment, providing orientation aids like clocks and calendars, and engaging family members to help reassure and reorient the patient. Avoiding physical restraints and using sedatives sparingly is important, as these can worsen delirium. In some cases, low doses of antipsychotic medications may be used to manage severe agitation or hallucinations, but this is generally considered a last resort. Prevention strategies involve regular monitoring of high-risk individuals, maintaining adequate hydration and nutrition, promoting good sleep hygiene, and minimizing the use of medications that can precipitate delirium. Early recognition and management are key to preventing complications and improving outcomes for individuals experiencing delirium, as prolonged episodes can lead to long-term cognitive impairment or increased risk of mortality.